Our verdict: the most credible mainstream choice for private email, pairing open-source clients with independent audits and a subscription-only business model.
Proton Mail is an end-to-end encrypted email service built by Proton AG, the Geneva-based company founded by scientists who met at CERN. Messages between Proton users are encrypted automatically, and zero-access encryption means Proton itself cannot read the contents of your mailbox. The service runs on a subscription model — there are no ads, and your inbox is not mined for data.
The clients are where Proton Mail earns its reputation: the web, Android, and iOS apps are open source under GPL-3.0, and the redesigned web client was independently audited by Securitum before release, with no major issues found. A capable free tier includes 1 GB of storage, password-protected emails, and encrypted contacts, while Mail Plus adds custom domains and more storage. Desktop apps for Windows, macOS, and Linux round out coverage alongside the web app.